Phenytoin Sodium Tablets
| Product/Composition:- | Phenytoin Sodium Tablets |
|---|---|
| Strength:- | 100mg, 300mg |
| Form:- | Tablets |
| Production Capacity | 10 Million Tablet/Month |
| Packaging:- | 1 x 120 Tablets / Bottle |
| Therapeutic use:- | Anti convulsant |
| Package Insert/Leaflet: | Available upon request |
What is Phenytoin Sodium?
Overview
For the treatment and prevention of seizures, doctors prescribe phenytoin sodium, an antiepileptic (anticonvulsant).
Because of its effectiveness in stabilizing neuronal membranes and minimizing seizure propagation, this hydantoin derivative finds widespread use.
It stops the activity of nerves in the brain and results in a calm body.
Description
Phenytoin functions by diminishing aberrant electrical activity in the brain, rendering it very effective in the management of diverse seizure types.
Initially introduced in the 1930s, it continues to be a fundamental treatment for epilepsy.
Uses of Phenytoin Sodium Tablets
Treatment and prevention of tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal).
Management of complicated partial seizures.
Preventing seizures during or after neurosurgery.
Epilepsy (Partial and generalized seizures).
Status epilepticus (IV).
Seizure prevention after head trauma or neurosurgical treatments.
Potential Interactions With:
It is very strong at activating liver cytochrome P450 enzymes, especially CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. It has an effect on many medicines, including:
Cimetidine, isoniazid, fluoxetine, and omeprazole all raise phenytoin levels.
Carbamazepine, phenobarbital, and rifampin all lower phenytoin levels.
Oral contraceptives, warfarin, theophylline, and NSAIDs may work less effectively.
Short-term alcohol use may raise phenytoin levels, but long-term use lowers its effect.
Benefits
Proven to work to control seizure behavior.
A long half-life lets you dose it twice a day.
It exists in many forms to satisfy varying medical requirements.
Less expensive than better antiepileptic drugs.
Side Effects
How Does Phenytoin Work?
The modulation of voltage-dependent sodium channels is how phenytoin achieves its stabilizing effect on neuronal membranes.
It does this by lowering the frequency of recurrent neuronal firing and preventing the propagation of aberrant electrical activity in the brain, which ultimately results in it managing seizures.
Dosage Guidelines
If you want to avoid stomach distress, take it with food or milk.
Crushing or chewing extended-release capsules is not recommended with these drugs.
Ensure that your regular dosing routine remains constant.
Adults: Typically started at 100 mg orally three times daily, then titrated based on reaction and blood levels.
Children: Dosed based on weight (5-8 mg/kg/day in divided doses).
Therapeutic range: 10–20 mcg/mL in serum.
Someone who is known to be very sensitive to phenytoin or other hydantoins.
It can be sinus bradycardia, SA block, or 2nd or 3rd-degree AV block.
Syndrome of Adams-Stokes.
Use at the same time as delavirdine.
Safety Advice
Narrow therapeutic index: Minor dose fluctuations may result in toxicity or lack of efficacy.
Enzyme induction: Modifies the metabolism of several pharmaceuticals. Long-term use:
Long-term use: Prolonged usage requires monitoring of bone density.
Risk of serious skin reactions (SJS/TEN), mainly in Asians who have the HLA-B*1502 allele.
It may make seizures worse if stopped suddenly.
Watch out for signs of sadness or suicidal thoughts.
Regular checks should be made on the liver’s activity.
Good dental care is needed to keep gums from growing too much.
Blood counts, and vitamin D readings should be done on a regular basis.
General Instructions
Follow your doctor’s instructions to the letter and take Phenytoin Sodium at the same time every day if possible to keep your blood levels steady.
If you don’t talk to your doctor first, skipping doses or stopping the medicine all of a sudden could cause seizures.
To keep your stomach from getting upset, swallow the pills whole with water and take them with or after food.
During long-term use, blood levels, liver function, and a full blood count should be checked regularly.
Tell your doctor about all of the herbs, supplements, and medicines you are taking to avoid dangerous interactions.
Always check in on a regular basis to see how well the treatment is working and change the dose if needed.
What Else Can I Do to Help My Condition?
Follow a regular plan for taking your medicine.
Avoid factors like bright lights or not getting enough sleep.
Join groups for people with epilepsy
Follow a healthy food and way of life.
Comparison with Other Treatments
Phenytoin vs Carbamazepine: Phenytoin is more sedating, while carbamazepine is preferred for focal seizures.
Phenytoin vs Valproate: Valproate is better for generalized seizures; phenytoin is more effective for tonic-clonic types.
Phenytoin vs Levetiracetam: Levetiracetam has fewer drug interactions; phenytoin has a longer history of use.
Phenytoin vs Lamotrigine: Lamotrigine is better tolerated and safer for long-term use, especially in pregnancy.
Phenytoin vs Phenobarbital: Phenobarbital is cheaper but more sedating; phenytoin is often preferred for adults.
Special Dietary & Lifestyle Recommendations
For people who take Phenytoin Sodium for a long time, it is important to eat a healthy, well-balanced diet because they may not get enough nutrients like vitamin D and folic acid.
Patients are told to eat foods like leafy greens, enriched cereals, dairy products, and fish that are high in these vitamins.
Being active on a regular basis is good for your health in general and can help strengthen bones, which can be lost over time from heavy use.
It is very important to stay away from drinking because it can make the medicine less effective and cause more side effects.
Because it might change how phenytoin is used, you should also stay away from grapefruit juice. Patients should follow a daily schedule.
They should manage stress, get enough sleep, and avoid seizure triggers. This includes bright lights and sleep deprivation.
Making these lifestyle changes and taking medications as prescribed can improve treatment results and quality of life.
Can I Take It With Other Medications?
Paracetamol
Levetiracetam
Antibiotics (selectively)
Warfarin (alters INR)
Oral contraceptives (reduced efficacy)
Isoniazid (raises phenytoin levels)
Antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole, fluconazole)
Storage Information
Keep below 25 degrees Celsius.
Take precautions against light and moisture.
Maintain a safe distance from children.